Blockbuster 2017

August Newsletter

Ready for More?

Thanks to you, our amazing volunteers, several blocks have already been completed with time to spare! 

There are still blocks available. If you're interested in taking on another block, click the map to take a look and email us at invasives@nynjtc.org to reserve it!

Terrific Teamwork!

 

With the season at the halfway point, we’ve received some amazing surveys from our dedicated volunteers! With those surveys, several teams have taken stellar photographs that show their plant ID skills, like Elaine Allinson and Robin Eifert of Rockland County who discovered a small population of European alder! We learned in training that it is quite difficult to distinguish the invasive from the native, but these ladies know their stuff! 

 

Alnus glutinosa, European alder. Allinson and Eifert.

     

Also from Rockland County, Team Giardina, Brenner, and Gibson spotted our three peskiest invaders on the list: Mile-a-minute, Black swallowwort, and Japanese Angelica tree. 

Cynanchum louiseae, Black swallowwort; Persicaria perfoliata, Mile-a-minute; Aralia elata, Japanese Angelica tree. Giardina ,Brenner, and Gibson.

 

A Case of Mistaken Identity

Common look-a-like submissions

Out in the field, it can be tough to distinguish between our focal invasive species and the native plants we love. Here are some common look-a-like examples that we've received so far, as well as helpful ID tips to distinguish them!

         What you see: Virginia Creeper                            What you report: Japanese Hops

     vs.        

ID Tips: Japanese hops has a five-lobed simple leaf, while Virginia creeper is a compound leaf made up of five seperate leaflets. Japanese hops also has sharp prickles along the stem, while Virginia creeper does not.

        What you see: Wild grape vine                                     What you report: Kudzu

      vs.      

ID Tips: It could be tricky to distinguish between these two from a distance; both are vines that can form dense blankets over shrubs and trees, but grape vine has corkscrew-like tendrils that cling to the branches.Take a closer look at the leaves. Kudzu has variable leaves, but will be either 3-lobed or a cluster of three teardrop shaped leaves. Additionally, it is a legume, and will have long, hairy seed pods. 

    What you see: Oriental Bittersweet                                   What you report: Hardy Kiwi

      vs.        

It's a battle of the bad botanicals! While both of these are focal species, there are a few differences to watch out for when you're reporting.

ID Tips: Look for the red petioles and stem on hardy kiwi, as well as size differences of the fruits. Hardy kiwi will have grape-sized fruits while bittersweet has small berries.


Keep these tips in mind while you're surveying, and as always, please email us at invasives@nynjtc.org with any and all questions or plant ID photos! We're here to help.

Your CCE Educators

The leaders of your Blockbuster training are a valuable resource! Reach out to them if you have any questions on protocol or plant ID! They're here to help.

Joyce Tomasselli- Dutchess Co.: jdt225@cornell.edu

Jessica Schuler- NYBG: jarcate@nybg.org

Debbie Lester- Orange Co.: dal53@cornell.edu

Jennifer Stengle- Putnam Co.: jjs95@cornell.edu

Kate Everitt- Purnam Co.: kee43@cornell.edu

Ann Barry- Rockland Co.: anncbarry@icloud.com

Dona Crawford- Ulster Co.: dm282@cornell.edu

Amy Albam- Westchester Co.: aa79@cornell.edu

And if you haven't already, check out Ann Barry's awesome guide to the Blockbuster App

 

 

They're Everywhere!

Non-focal species

For the Blockbuster survey, we are focusing on mostly emerging species. Here are species that we are not asking for directly:

  • Japanese knotweed
  • Mugwort
  • Black locust
  • Purple loosetrife
  • Garlic mustard
  • Norway maple

You are absolutely free to report these species, but it's not required. We trust your judgement; if it's important to you, it's important to us!

 

 

 

Work with Invasives Full Time

The New York-New Jersey Trail Conference is Hiring!

Are you passionate about invasive species? Under an extended contract with the Lower Hudson PRISM, the NY-NJ Trail conference is hiring qualified candidates for two new full-time positions within the Invasive Species Program.

      Follow the links to read more about the positions and apply.

              Harriman State Park, Iron Mines Loop. Photo by Daniel Chazin.

Invasives Strike Force Trail Crew

August Invasives Removal Worktrips

Join us on any of the following dates in August, or email invasives@nynjtc.org to be added to the ISF Crew mailing list and never miss a trip!

August 5
August 6
Invasive Plant Removal
Ramapo Mountain State Forest, NJ
August 12
 
Invasive Plant Removal
Pound Ridge Town Park, NY
August 19 
August 20
Invasive Plant Removal
Ramapo Mountain State Forest, NJ

Native Plant Landscaping Workday

Sunday, August 13: 9:00 AM - 11:00 AM

Join volunteers from the Bergen - Passaic chapter of the Native Plant Society of New Jersey and our landscape architect to remove weeds and invasive plants and learn about some of the native plants in our habitat around the Trail Conference headquarters.  Bring work gloves, and your favorite gardening tools if you have some.

Please sign up so we know how many people to expect and we can let you know of any changes of plans due to weather.

              
     

Species Spotlight

Black swallow-wort (Cynanchum louiseae)


Black swallow-wort (Cynanchum louiseae) is an invasive herbaceous vine that hails from southwestern Europe and was first discovered in New York in the 1890s, along with its equally damaging sister to the East, pale swallow-wort (Cynanchum rossicum). It is a perennial vine, meaning it has a robust root system and has a life cycle that exceeds two years. It has pointed, dark green oppositely paired leaves and small, five-petaled flowers that range from a deep purple to black in color. Its relation to the milkweed carries a familial similarity in its seed pod, which houses dozens of thin, white feathery strands that allow it to be easily picked up and dispersed by the wind.

  Also known as the “black dog-strangling vine,” it is indeed a     formidable opponent of our native species. It reproduces by     generating an abundance of seeds in each stem, and if that     wasn’t enough, more stems that grow from buds appearing       on the root crown. It thrives in high-light environments, such     as open fields, pastures, abandoned farms, and roadsides,       and can survive in a variety of soil conditions. This makes it     easy for the vine to cause irreparable damage to Christmas     tree farms and decrease the value of farmland. While it has       been in North America for over a hundred years, it has only       become a threat to native plant habitats and threatened or       endangered species in the past twenty years. In particular, swallow-wort contributes to the decline of the native monarch butterfly population. Its relation to milkweed, where the monarch typically lays its eggs, confuses the butterfly; so much so, that it will lay up to 15% of its eggs on black swallow-wort by mistake, effectively killing the larvae.

One of the greatest issues with black swallow-wort is that we don’t know why it’s invasive. This makes management and control very difficult. Both mechanical and chemical methods have proved somewhat ineffective, and expensive as chemical control takes several years of monitoring and repeat application. Additionally, black swallow-wort can be found weaving in and around native plants, making it difficult to target just the invasive species with herbicide. Mechanical or manual methods like mowing and pulling from the root are only useful in minimizing seed production or for smaller patches, respectively. Even then, it would take years of multiple removals within a season to see any results. To this end, a study was done in Bear Mountain State Park from 2008-2014 that compared clipping, pulling, and insect-defoliation as control methods. It found that the only method that was remotely successful was clipping the leaves and stems four times per season. After years of research and scientific study, it seems that biological control is the final step. To be effective, there must be introduction of natural enemies of a species where they don’t normally occur. The species will seek out what is familiar to them as opposed to our native species. Therefore, an insect native to black swallow-wort’s natural habitat would need to be introduced.

 Enter Hypena opulenta, a moth whose native distribution overlaps with pale swallow-wort in the Ukraine, which has a similar climate to both southwestern Europe and the northeastern US. This makes it an ideal candidate to be used as a biological control method. In 2013, after sending proposals to both the Canadian and United States government, the Technical Advisory Group for Biological Control Agents of Weeds was able to successfully petition for release the moths in Canada but not in the U.S. It has been four years, but just last month the USDA APHIS has issued an Environmental Assessment regarding the distribution of permits to release the moths in America that is open for public comment. Go here to express your approval or concerns, and help us continue the fight against black swallow-wort and all invasive species!                                                                          

Averill, Kristine, et al. “Survival, Growth, and Fecundity of the Invasive Swallowworts (Vincetoxicum Rossicum and V. Nigrum) in New York State.” Invasive Plant Science and Management, vol. 4, no. 2, 2011, pp. 198–206. Milbrath, Lindsey, et al. “Tolerance of Swallowworts (Vincetoxicum Spp.) to Multiple Years of Artificial Defoliation and Clipping.” Invasive Plant Science and Management, vol. 9, no. 1, 2016, pp. 1–11.
Young, Jim, and Aaron S. Weed. “Hypena Opulenta (Erebidae): A European Species for the Biological Control of Invasive Swallow-Worts ( Vincetoxicum Spp.) in North America.” The Journal of the Lepidopterists&Apos; Society, vol. 68, no. 3, 2014, pp. 162–166.
Field release of the leaf-feeding moth, Hypena opulenta (Christoph) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), for classical biological control of swallowworts, Vincetoxicum nigrum (L.) Moench and V. rossicum (Kleopow) Barbarich (Gentianales: Apocyanceae), in the contiguous United States. Environmental Assessment, USDA, June 2017.
"Invasive Vines Swallow-up New York's Natural Areas" Cornell Chronicle, April 2014.

MORE TO EXPLORE

UPCOMING WORKSHOPS & EVENTS

August 5 & 6: Invasives Removal-Ramapo (Ramapo Mountain State Forest, Oakland, NJ) August 13: Native Plant Landscaping Workday (TC Headquarters, Mahwah, NJ)
August 12: Invasives Removal-Pound Ridge (Pound Ridge Town Park, Pound Ridge, NY) August 19 & 20: Invasives Removal-Ramapo (Ramapo Mountain State Forest, Oakland, NJ)
facebook instagram twitter youtube
Unsubscribe
New York-New Jersey Trail Conference
600 Ramapo Valley Rd
Mahwah, NJ 07430-1199
United States